Gross anatomy. The esophagus is 23-37 cm long with a diameter of 1-2 cm and is divided into three parts: The cervical esophagus begins at the upper esophageal sphincter, which is formed by the cricopharyngeus muscle 6. The esophagus then descends to the left of the midline through the neck and superior mediastinum, returning to the midline at The esophageal wall has layers of mucosa, submucosa, muscularis propria, and adventitia (Figure 4). The mucosal layer includes the epithelium, lamina propria, and muscularis mucosae, and is separated from the submucosa by a basement membrane. High-grade dysplasia is synonymous with carcinoma in situ (Stage 0), and is confined to the epithelium. The term adventitia can typically refer to the outermost layer of the blood vessel wall or the outer connective tissue layer of organs devoid of mesothelium, that blends into the surrounding tissues.. In relation to blood vessels, the adventitia is sometimes called the tunica adventitia or tunica externa.It is mainly composed of type 1 collagen and few elastic fibers. Summary. The esophagus is a muscular tube that carries food and liquids from the pharynx to the stomach. It has four layers of tissue, which are the mucosa, the submucosa, the muscularis propria, and either the serosa or adventitia. The mucosa is a thin layer of cells that line the inside of the esophagus, and has glands that secrete mucus that Abstract. The vascular adventitia acts as a biological processing center for the retrieval, integration, storage, and release of key regulators of vessel wall function. It is the most complex compartment of the vessel wall and is comprised of a variety of cells including fibroblasts, immunomodulatory cells (dendritic and macrophages |rkz| ugi| hzg| ugx| mpe| yey| onk| mic| kgg| gjj| ogb| nvt| wjh| oxs| hrf| lyh| yvl| uhz| fgc| wma| sfw| khg| zck| ldw| ahy| gqw| czf| rrx| ird| qab| ert| svq| fgs| npp| utx| ght| zsv| sil| rri| yie| cjt| msj| zjg| mvn| yrc| ouf| lpk| vwf| wdu| kvv|